I-Carboxylic hydrophilic chain yandisa i-DMBA ne-DMPA.

Isandulela

Ekukhiqizeni i-polyurethane emanzini, i-carboxylic acid njenge-anionic hydrophilic chain extender iwuhlobo lwe-carboxylic acid ene-diol, esetshenziswe kabanzi ekwakheni kwayo okuyingqayizivele kwamangqamuzana nokusebenza okuhle kakhulu komkhiqizo.
I-Carboxylic acid type extender chain extender ikakhulukazi ihlanganisa i-2,2-dihydroxymethylpropionic acid (DMPA) kanye ne-2,2-dihydroxymethylbutyric acid (DMBA).Kuyi-molecule ye-diol evinjiwe enemisebenzi eminingi enawo womabili amaqembu e-hydroxyl ne-carboxyl.Ngemuva kokungathathi hlangothi nge-alkali, iqembu le-asidi yamahhala lingathuthukisa ngenkuthalo ukuncibilika kwamanzi noma ukusebenza kokuhlakazeka kwe-resin;Amaqembu e-polar aqaliswa ukuthuthukisa ukunamathela kwezingubo kanye nezakhiwo zokudaya zezintambo zokwenziwa;Khulisa ukuncibilika kwe-alkali kokunamathela.Ingasetshenziswa ohlelweni lwe-polyurethane encibilikayo emanzini, i-alkyd resin encibilika emanzini ne-polyester resin, i-epoxy ester coating, i-polyurethane elastomer kanye ne-powder coating.
Ingasetshenziswa nasezintweni zamakhemikhali esikhumba, amakristalu e-liquid, ama-ink, izithasiselo zokudla kanye namakhemikhali anamathelayo, ikakhulukazi ekwakhiweni kwe-emulsion yamanzi i-polyurethane kanye nama-agent okuqeda isikhumba.Akuyona nje i-chain extender, kodwa futhi i-self emulsifying agent enhle ye-polyurethane, engathuthukisa kakhulu ukuzinza kwe-polyurethane lotion yamanzi, ngakho-ke isetshenziswa kabanzi.

Izinzuzo Zokusebenzisa I-Dihydroxymethyl Carboxylic Acid

I-aqueous polyurethane lotion ivamise ukwethula i-hydrophilic ejenti kuketango lamangqamuzana e-polyurethane, bese inciphisa nge-alkali ukwenza usawoti, futhi ihlakazeke emanzini akhishwe nge-deionized ngokunyakazisa ngomshini ukwenza i-polyurethane aqueous lotion.
Kukhona ikakhulukazi izinhlobo ezintathu zama-hydrophilic agents asetshenziswa emanzini e-polyurethane: i-anionic, i-cationic ne-non-ionic.Uhlobo lwe-anionic ngokuyinhloko luhlanganisa: i-2,2-dihydroxymethylpropionic acid, i-2,2-dihydroxymethylbutyric acid, i-tartaric acid, i-butanediol sulfonate, i-sodium ethylenediamineethanesulfonate, i-glycerol ne-maleic anhydride;Uhlobo lwe-Cationic ikakhulukazi luhlanganisa: i-methyldiethanolamine, i-triethanolamine, njll;Uhlobo olungezona i-ionic ikakhulukazi luhlanganisa i-hydroxyl enqanyuliwe i-polyethylene oxide.
Okuqukethwe kwe-agent engeyona i-ionic hydrophilic efana ne-polyethylene oxide kumele ibe phezulu kakhulu ukuze yenze ukuhlakazeka kuzinze.I-polyurethane resin yamanzi eyenziwe nge-hydroxyl polyoxyethylene ether njengeqembu le-hydrophilic linokumelana okuhle kwe-electrolyte, kodwa ukumelana kwamanzi kwefilimu kubi kakhulu, ngakho akusebenzi;
I-Cationic hydrophilic agent, efana ne-ethylenediamine sodium acrylate adduct, njengenhlanganisela ye-hydrophilic, yenza lonke uhlelo lokusabela lube ne-alkali.Akukhona nje kuphela ukusabela okusheshayo phakathi - kweqembu le-NH2 kanye - neqembu le-NCO, kodwa futhi ukusabela phakathi - kweqembu le-NCO kanye - nhcoo.Ngakho-ke, ukusabela kunzima ukulawula futhi kulula ukujeliza.Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-lotion elungisiwe inezinhlayiya eziqinile kanye nokumelana namanzi okungahambi kahle kwefilimu, ngakho-ke ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa embonini;
I-Dihydroxymethyl carboxylic acid esesimweni se-anionic iqukethe amaqembu amabili e-hydroxyl futhi isebenza njenge-chain extender.Le ndima embaxambili iyenza ikhombise izinzuzo ezinhle ekulungiseleleni i-Pu lotion yokuzenzela i-self emulsifying.Ngesikhathi sokuhlanganiswa kwe-carbamate, yenza uhlelo lokusabela lube ne-asidi.Ngaphansi kwezimo ezine-acidic, ukusabela phakathi kwe-NCO kanye - Oh kuthambile, kuyilapho - nhcoo - ingabambi iqhaza ekuphenduleni futhi ngeke kubangele ijeli.Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-dimethylol carboxylic acid iphinde isebenze njenge-chain extender, ukuze iqembu le-hydrophilic (okungukuthi, iqembu le-carboxyl) litholakala engxenyeni ye-macromolecular chain.Kusetshenziswa i-amine ephakeme njenge-ejenti yokungathathi hlangothi, i-aqueous polyurethane resin enokuqina okuhle kakhulu kanye namanzi amahle kakhulu akha ifilimu nokumelana ne-solvent ingalungiswa.I-Dihydroxymethyl carboxylic acid iyinhlanganisela engcono kakhulu ye-hydrophilic esetshenziswa kabanzi ekulungiseni i-polyurethane resin ephuma emanzini.

I-2,2-Dihydroxymethylpropionic Acid (DMPA) Kanye ne-2,2-Dihydroxymethylbutyric Acid (DMBA)

Phakathi kwezinhlobo ezimbili ze-Dihydroxymethyl carboxylic acid, i-2,2-dihydroxymethyl propionic acid isetshenziswe isikhathi eside futhi iyi-hydrophilic chain extender esetshenziswa kabanzi njengamanje.Nakuba inezinzuzo eziningi, iphinde ibe nokubi okuningi, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yezinga layo eliphezulu lokuncibilika (180-185 ℃), okunzima ukulishisa futhi lincibilike, okudinga ukufakwa kwezinyibilikitsi eziphilayo njenge-N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), n I-N-dimethylamide (DMF), i-acetone, njll., kuyilapho i-NMP inephuzu eliphezulu lokubilisa, okunzima ukulikhipha ngemva kokulungiselela i-APU.Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-DMPA inokuncibilika okuncane ku-acetone, futhi inani elikhulu le-acetone lidinga ukungezwa kunqubo yokuhlanganisa.Inqubo yokususa i-ketone ayigcini nje ngokuchitha amandla kodwa futhi iletha izingozi zokuphepha.Ngakho-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwe-2,2-dihydroxymethylpropionic acid akugcini nje ngokusetshenziswa kwamandla, kodwa futhi kulula ukubangela izinsalela zezinto eziphilayo emkhiqizweni.
Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-2,2-dihydroxymethyl propionic acid, i-2,2-dihydroxymethyl butyric acid inezinzuzo ezilandelayo:
1. Ine-solubility engcono kuma-organic solvents.Ithebula elilandelayo libonisa idatha yokuncibilika kwe-DMBA ne-DMPA kumazinga okushisa ahlukene nezincibilikisi;
Idatha ye-Solubility ye-DMBA ne-DMPA kumazinga okushisa ahlukene nezincibilikisi:

Ukunyibilika: iyunithi: g / 100g i-solvent
Ukuncibilika emanzini: 48% ku-DMBA kanye no-12% kwe-DMPA.

2. Izinga lokusabela eliphezulu, isivinini sokuphendula esisheshayo kanye nezinga lokushisa eliphansi lokusabela.Isibonelo, isikhathi sokusabela sokwenziwa kwe-polyurethane prepolymer sifushane, ngokuvamile imizuzu engama-50-60 kuphela, kuyilapho i-DMPA ithatha imizuzu eyi-150-180;
3. Isetshenziselwa ukugcoba emanzini nge-polyurethane enobukhulu bezinhlayiyana ezincane kanye nokusabalalisa okuncane;
4. Iphuzu elincibilikayo eliphansi, 108-114 ℃;
5. Ukwehlukahlukana kwamafomula kunganciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwezincibilikisi, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphise izindleko zezincibilikisi kanye nokwelashwa koketshezi okumoshayo;
6. Ingasetshenziselwa ukulungiselela izinhlelo ze-polyurethane ne-polyester ezingena-solvent ngokuphelele;
Enqubweni yangempela yokuhlanganisa, ayidingi ukusebenzisa noma iyiphi i-solvent.I-lotion ekhiqizwayo inokusebenza okuhle kanye nezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zemishini yefilimu, engagcini nje ukunciphisa isikhathi sokuphendula, inciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, kodwa futhi igcina amandla.Ngakho-ke, i-2,2-dihydroxymethyl butyric acid iyinhlanganisela eyaziwa kakhulu ye-hydrophilic.